The escape hole set-up gives the illusion that each hole leads into darkness so the mouse will need to learn where the escape hole is in order to escape more quickly upon repeated trials
What they found (summary): MC1R: melanogenesis, pigmentation, anti-inflammation MC2R: ACTH receptor in the adrenals (Melanotan II does not act) MC3R: energy, cardiovascular function, anti-inflammation MC4R: appetite (central control), sexual function, autonomic regulation MC5R: exocrine glands (sebaceous, lacrimal, salivary) Mutations in MC4R are the most common monogenic cause of obesity in humans Why it matters: Cones review article is the reference article for all of melanocortin pharmacology
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