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Subsequently, Fe 3+ taken up into the cell is reduced to Fe 2+ by STEAP3 metalloreductase in the endosome and is then released into the labile iron pool of the cytoplasm by divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) [55]

Immunoblot of indicated proteins in HEK-293T cells expressing 3xFLAG- SLC25A39-P2A-RFP treated with BSO (1 mM) and erastin (5 M) for 48 h (bottom)

Intracellular calcium stores are mobilized, and protein kinase C is activated by these second messengers, leading to downstream gene activation and TSH transcription

CDPKs combine sensory and effector functions, while CaMs and CBLs act as relays modulating downstream kinase and phosphatase cascades